Frankenstein :: essays papers

FrankensteinMary Shelley Frankenstein is filled with various underlying themes, the crux being the effect federation has on The Creature personality. In fact, the ethical debate concerning biotechnological exploration into genetical cloning has created a monster in itself. A multitude of ethical questions arises when considering the ramifications of creating a genetically engineered hu piece of music being. Does man or science have the right to create life through unnatural means? Should morality dictate these technological advancements and their effects on baseball club? The questions and concerns are infinite, exactly so to are the curiosities, which continue to perpetuate the advancement of biotechnological science. In literature, Mary Shelley Frankenstein serves as bio-ethical exhortation for today technological advances in genetic cloning. Mary Shelley Frankenstein providesa clear distinction between the theoretical grandeur of man ability to scientifically author life a nd the stark reality, which it encompasses. Shelley prophetically illustrates few of the potential hazards of breaking through the barrier that separates man from God. Her insight allows the reader to trace these reputations through Victor Frankenstein, the monster, and eventually society. The character of Victor Frankenstein illustrates the path of dying scientists can create when ignoring their moral community. Victor was so impassioned with his life work that he has lost all soul or sensation but for this one pursuit. Frankenstein blinding ambition prevented him from seeing the potential consequences of his actions until it was too late. The first sign of Victor fatal flaw of egotism is that he forgets his bond to temperament and to the people he loves. new species would bless me as its creator and source many happy and excellent natures would own their being to me.?(933). His absence of moral creative thinker is the catalyst for what becomes the demise of the creature , society and ironically himself. It would be years before Victor fully realized that his neglect of moral obligation to the creature and society had unleashed a hideous monster that would eventually destroy his society as revenge for the monster sense of abandonment. shuddered to think that future ages might curse me as their pest, whose selfishness had not hesitated to buy its own peace at the price, perhaps, of the existence of the whole human race.? Frankenstein led by the desire to widen human knowledge finds that fulfillment of his lofty ambition has brought only a curse to mankind.

Japanese New Year Essay -- Japan History Holidays Essays

Japanese New Year IntroductionIn Japan one of the most celebrated festivals is New Years. The Japanese New Year, or Oshogatsu (), is given more preparation than any other festival. There are many traditions and activities that happen at this time. Oshogatsu is a time to visit temples, forget the troubles of the recent year, and wish for good fortune in the in the buff. Many festivals around this time also reflect the values and ideals of New Years. History During the time of the Empress Suiko (593-628), Japan was influenced greatly by the religion and beliefs of China. In A.D. 604 Japan officially adopted the Chinese calendar. gThe new calendar was a lunar- solar one that has its months based on the lunar cycle. Casal writes gThe month begins when the sun enters the sign of the Fishes the first day of the year, therefore falls on a day between January 20th and February 19th, and this is much nearer to resile (2). This system was in effect until the introduction of th e Gregorian calendar in 1872. This is important because the seasons fall in line better with the lunar calendar than the new(a) one. In rural areas, many farmers still apply the Chinese calendar to their trade. Japanese people believed that the New Year started when the plants began to sprout life again, a new beginning. This happens throughout most of Japan in mid Jan. in line with the lunar calendar. In todayfs society Oshogatsu always falls on the same day (Jan. 1st), there are other festivals, which fall into the lunar calendar that have the same values of purification and new beginnings. Another influence from China at this time was Buddhism, which had been praised by Prince Shotoku Taishi, and became the official religion in 621.... ...nt from, and happier than, we do on ordinary days.h(Casal 1)BibliographyFestivals.com. 28 Nov. 2003Seattle, Washington,http//www.festivals.com/search/display_event.aspx?eid=mYJmQbyD5jQ%3d&srid=3&page=1&bycountry=1&RID=jp&PROV= http//www.f estivals.com/search/display_event.aspx?eid=lvluK1qWwM8%3d&srid=7&page=1&bycountry=1&RID=jp&PROV= (7)Japan Cultural Network Homepage. 28 Nov. 2003http//www.hevanet.com/miyumi/december.htm http//www.hevanet.com/miyumi/january.htmhttp//www.hevanet.com/miyumi/february.htmJapan-Guide.com 2 Dec. 2003Casal, U. A. The Five sacred Festivals of Ancient Japan. Ruttland, Vermont &Tokyo Japan Charles E. Tuttle Company Inc. 1967Bauer, Helen & Carlquist, Sherwin. Japanese FestivalsDoubleday & Company Inc. Garden City, New York, 1965gHadaka Mairih Akita sakigake (Newspaper) 20 Jan. 2003 (1, 26)

Divorce Laws in The United States Essay -- Law

Divorce is a decree by a court that a valid marriage no longer exists. It leaves both parties free to remarry. The court will award custody, divide property, and order spousal and child support (The American keep out familiarity 71).till death do us part is almost always heard at wedding ceremonies. But all too often this excogitate does not represent its true meaning. Between 1960 and 1999 the divorce rate in the United States tripled (Porterfield vii). Out of all first time marriages, 41% end in divorce (Divorce Rate). According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, for every 1,000 people, 6.8 get married and 3.4 of those marriages will end in divorce (Marriage and Divorce). The Family Legal Guide from The American hindrance Association confirms that of the couples who marry before the age of forty-five, one- fractional of them will get divorced (71). These numbers do not have the appearance _or_ semblance to be decreasing. They only seem to be increasing as time goes on. If two people can no longer find it in themselves to be passionate towards one another(prenominal) and they no longer desire the others company, they should end their marriage. However, the growing number of divorces is proving that getting a divorce in the United States is too easy. The evidence proves that divorce laws should be made stricter throughout the United States.Every divorce is different. Some divorces involve children. Some only involve the couple. Some have step children or half children. Some include hostile situations. Some are peaceful. Some are for valid reasons. Some are simply because the couple does not feel alike(p) being together anymore. Some are mutual. Some are not. So why is every divorce so quickly done and so easy obtained?A number of states allow do-it-yourself divorces.... ...2. Marriage and Divorce. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 5 Oct. 2010. Web. 26 Feb. 2012.Porterfield, Kay Marie. Straight Talk about Divorce. New York Fact s on File, 1999. Print. Portnoy, Ph.D. Sanford. A Lawyers Primer Part 1- The Effects of Divorce on Adults. Ed. Ron Brown. The Psychology of Divorce. 1(2006) 1-7. Print.Russo, Francine. Can The Government Prevent Divorce? The Atlantic. Oct. 1997. Web. 1 Apr. 2012.Shapiro v. Thompson. 2 program library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data. U.S. Supreme Court. 21 Apr. 1969. Print.Tavernise, Sabrina, and Robert Gebeloff. Once Rare in Rural American, Divorce is Changaing the Face of Its Families. www.Nytimes.com. The New York Times. 23 Mar. 2011. Web. 27 Feb. 2012.The American Bar Association. Family Legal Guide. 3rd ed. New York Random House, 2004. 71-88. Print.

DMX song Slippin’ :: essays research papers

DMX- SlippinThe song Slippin by artist DMX uses tone, theme and imagery. DMXs purpose for piece of music this song was to convey the theme how life in the streets is, and how you can over come life with drugs if you give it all you got. The song begins with the speaker lecture more or less problems he is having with his mom, and thats when he decides to run away from home. Then it moves on to when he is on the streets by himself, and that is when his problems begin to worsen.In the first stanza, the speaker starts talking about the problem he is having with his mom. He then decides to leave his house. When he leaves his house he thinks its going to be easy to live alone in the streets and that is when he uses imagery and says Im gonna be that seed that doesnt need much to succeed . He then finds out that life in the streets is not so easy and thats when he says, Im ready for the world, or at least I thought I was In this stanza he also uses tone when he says, DAMN, was it my f ault something I did.? Here he is asking himself if it was his fault that his father had left him at age 7 and why did his father leave. In the refrain the speaker uses the phrase .Im Slippin , Im fallin, I cant get up, which means that the speaker is loosing every hope that will help him survive through all the problems he has. The speaker also uses theme in the chorus when he says, See, to live is to suffer, scarcely to survive, well, thats to find meaning in the suffering. He uses theme here because he is saying that to him life is nothing but suffering and if you survive the suffering, its just to find meaning in it. In the middle of the song the speaker talks about how he hit controversy bottom. He says that in three years he started showing signs of stress, that he didnt care how he looked and he didnt care about anybody. He says that he Would get high to get by or in other words he would get high to forget about the problems he had. Finally at the end of the song he talks about how his life started to change with the help of his friends.

Police Authority vs Individual Rights Essay -- Law Enforcement

It is easy for police to get caught up in the idea that it is them against the rest of hostelry (Barkan, 2012). Many citizens in todays democratic fellowship have a negative or fearful view of our law enforcement. Think tush to grade school, who was that one kid in class that everyone was annoyed by or despised? Most people would answer the teachers flatter or the tattletale. We have grown up from a young age to have a negative view towards those that get us into trouble when we conjecture we can get away with something we know is wrong. In the adult world, the police force can equate to those tattletales. The overall basis for a democratic society is freedom. We stress that freedom allows us to be individualistic. Herbert L. Packer, a law professor, charted out two ideas in our iniquitous justice system. The idea or crime incorporate and due process be ideally two separate entities, but have been found in our criminal justice system to overlap (Barkan, 2012). refe rable to the fact that these two ideas overlap, causes tension within our democratic society. These ideas cause there to be a double edge sword. As stated in our textbook, the more(prenominal) crime control we want, the less due process we have the more due process we have, the less crime control we can expect. (Barkan, 2012). Ideally, we would like to unrecorded in a society where everyone is treated equally regardless of race, gender, social class, etc. However, police have the difficult task of making sure arrests are made unbiased.While on the job, police must put all their personal opinions aside. They must provide everyone with an equal and fair chance. It is important in a democratic society for police to not know too much about the community they are policing. It allows them to ... ... a distinction between the two in a society where individual freedoms are so highly valued. Is that not what the framers of the Constitution based the future of our nation on? The r eal question is, how utmost are police allowed to go when the blurry line of individual freedoms and public safety is in question? Everyday our law enforcement is faced with the same task, to ascertain the law and enforce it, while allowing society to maintain their individual freedoms and liberties that this country is founded upon.Works CitedBarkan, Steven E. Criminology A Sociological Understanding. Upper Saddle River Pearson Education, 2012. Print.Crew, B. Keith. Sex differences in criminal sentencing Chivalry or patriarchy? Justice Quarterly (Mar. 1991) n. pag. Print.Marx, Gary T. Police & Democracy. The Encyclopedia of Democracy. N.p., 1995. Web. 7 Dec. 2011.

Police Authority vs Individual Rights Essay -- Law Enforcement

It is easy for law of nature to get caught up in the idea that it is them against the rest of fiat (Barkan, 2012). Many citizens in todays democratic society have a negative or fearful view of our law enforcement. Think back to grade school, who was that one kid in class that everyone was annoyed by or despised? Most people would answer the teachers pet or the tattletale. We have grown up from a young age to have a negative view towards those that get us into trouble when we think we can get away with something we hunch forward is wrong. In the adult world, the police force can equate to those tattletales. The overall basis for a democratic society is freedom. We stress that freedom allows us to be individualistic. Herbert L. Packer, a law professor, charted out two ideas in our criminal justice system. The idea or crime control and ascribable process are ideally two separate entities, but have been found in our criminal justice system to overlap (Barkan, 2012). Due to the fact that these two ideas overlap, causes tension in spite of appearance our democratic society. These ideas cause there to be a double edge sword. As stated in our textbook, the more crime control we want, the less due process we have the more due process we have, the less crime control we can expect. (Barkan, 2012). Ideally, we would like to live in a society where everyone is tough equally regardless of race, gender, social class, etc. However, police have the difficult task of making sure arrests are made unbiased.While on the job, police must put all their personal opinions aside. They must provide everyone with an equal and fair chance. It is important in a democratic society for police to not know too much about the community they are policing. It allows them to ... ... a distinction between the two in a society where individual freedoms are so highly valued. Is that not what the framers of the Constitution based the future of our nation on? The real question is, how far are police allowed to go when the fogged line of individual freedoms and public safety is in question? Everyday our law enforcement is faced with the same task, to follow the law and enforce it, while allowing society to maintain their individual freedoms and liberties that this country is founded upon.Works CitedBarkan, Steven E. Criminology A Sociological Understanding. Upper Saddle River Pearson Education, 2012. Print.Crew, B. Keith. Sex differences in criminal sentencing Chivalry or patriarchy? justness Quarterly (Mar. 1991) n. pag. Print.Marx, Gary T. Police & Democracy. The Encyclopedia of Democracy. N.p., 1995. Web. 7 Dec. 2011.

Ethics Reflection Paper

morality c hold Paper morals and friendly debt instrument ar key factors when stick outning ones own(prenominal) keep or planning for the success of a concern. When companies develop strategical plans, they must(prenominal) consider what role ethics lead play and how affable tariff will mend the plan keeping s keep backholders need at the forefront. If businesses and individuals are making a conscious effort to pomposity honourable look, good perspectives and intuitive feelings should uprise over date much like what has happened in the masters of business administration (MBA) course.Role of Ethics and Social Responsibility in strategical Planning Ethics are guidelines used to help direction and employees conduct themselves according to the values and standards set forth by the company. To ensure employees translate the rules and get good respectable finiss, a companys plan should embody the beliefs and values that the business and their employees view most strategic. These beliefs and values erect be draw in a companys armorial bearing, vision, and philosophy statements which digest direction, purpose, and a clear understanding of an organizations deportmental expectations and decisions make by the stakeholders.When adhered to, the mission and vision statements can be the baseline for goal-setting and strategic planning while keeping ethics at the core of all decisions. Pearson and Robinson (2004) stated rally to the belief that companies should be operated in a socially responsive way for the benefit of all stakeholders is the belief that managers will be go in an respectable expressive style (p. 60). plain with a plan in place and ethical guidelines established, unethical behavior is always a possibility which could occur at a focus or subordinate level. as well as many top-level management and executives have acted in bookly and have violated company policies. This was witnessed through events such as the Enron, Wor ldCom, and Bernie Mad send off scandals where unethical behavior was called into question. Employees, specifically those in a management position, have an obligation to do what is make up for the sake of their customers, the industry, and to help maintain the companys image and reputation.When this fails to happen, the owners and senesce of directors must take the appropriate action to get rid of those individuals, not only to set an example alone to make the point that unethical behavior will not be tolerated under any circumstances. To minimize the possibility that similar atrocities will occur, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 was instituted to mandate Chief Executive Officers (CEO) and Chief financial Officers (CFO) to take responsibility for reports generated and to get it on that the information included in the reports are true and accurate to the best of their knowledge.If the information is not true or is fraudulent, some(prenominal) have a responsibility to report the f indings to auditors. Like ethical behavior, social responsibility is a critical consideration for a companys strategic decision makers (Pearson & Robinson, 2004, p. 23). Owners need to ensure that they hire managers who are going to carry out their wishes and be the voice in their absence instead of managers who will harbor their self-interests. Decisions do by management have to be aligned with the beliefs of the owner and the companys stakeholders to guarantee profitability and survivability.To encourage managers to make appropriate and ethical decisions, owners and executives should provide incentives through bonuses, appraisals, and cognizance programs. Managers who do receive performance incentives will be held accountable by stakeholders. Stakeholders include stockholders who want a good settle on investment, employees seeking excogitate satisfaction, satisfied customers and suppliers, governments seeking law abiding companies, competitors seeking strong competition, acc ountable citizens and the public seeking a good tone of voice of life (Pearson & Robinson, 2004).Outside of existence accountable to owners and the business, managers also have to select the ethical entree that will ensure the consumer is getting the best service at a reasonable cost, jobs are being offered to those who need them, consumers do not have to fear product risk, and that they are taking care of their financial responsibilities to the government. heedless of the approach selected, consistency is important as not to send a signal of injustice and consistency allows companies and individuals to reach their end-state goals without having to waste time and money.honorable Perspectives At the trip of the MBA program, ethics and ethical behavior were and still are a very important part of conducting business and in how differents are treated and perceived. This program reemphasized the grandness of the role of ethics and how people in confederacy should work hard to cre ate a personal and corporate culture that fosters accountability and ensures everyone conducts business in an ethical manner. existence a part of a team during each class was a very good test of ethics, beliefs, and the ability to display industry and understanding towards other people. Some team members had little respect and showed disregard for others or their feelings. Although assignment completion was the most important aspect, some members were scripted off because of a escape of effective writing abilities, communication, or personal skills. Although many of those decisions were based on personal preference, one still has to question if the decisions were right or ruin.A major(ip) source of failure in most team assignments as well as collaborative projects within an organization is ordinarily caused by a insufficiency of admiration for individual view. Respect for individual judgment was evident in the Assessment of Ethical Choices in the Workplace (2009). When teammat es mark the judgment of others, they encourage collapse communication, build trust, and promote cohesiveness that could potentially prevent unethical behavior from occurring.Having an ethical profile closely aligned with eccentric is an asset when trying to seek others (University of Phoenix, 2009). Conclusion For businesses and individuals to remain successful there must be intent to remain ethical and socially responsible. The ethical and social decisions made have to livelihood the better good of the organization or society and every effort should be made to call attention to and rule out illegitimate behavior. Although one aptitude perceive his or her ethical concepts to be intact, improvement is always encouraged.References Pearson, J. A. , & Robinson, R. B. (2004). Strategic management Formulation, implementation, and control (9th ed. ). New York McGraw-Hill/Irwin. University of Phoenix (2009). Williams represent Ethical choices in the employment. Retrieved high-mi nded 20, 2009, from University of Phoenix, Week One, STR 581 Strategic Planning and Implementation. University of Phoenix (2009). Williams Institute Ethics awareness inventory. Retrieved August 20, 2009, from University of Phoenix, Week One, STR 581 Strategic Planning and Implementation.Ethics Reflection PaperWhen explaining the role of ethics and social responsibility in developing a strategic plan, the stakeholders need to be considered. So its not just customers and employees now you have these people who have invested in your company. Each of these interest groups has justifiable reasons for expecting (and often for demanding) that the firm satisfy their claims in a responsible manner.In general, stockholders claim appropriate returns on their investment employees seek broadly defined job satisfactions customers want what they pay for suppliers seek dependable buyers governments want bond paper to legislation unions seek benefits for their members competitors want fair compet ition local communities want the firm to be a responsible citizen and the general public expects the firms existence to improve the quality of life. There are two kinds of stakeholders the inside ones and the outside ones, the issues are that they both look at the company mission for a social responsibility towards society and at the comparable time the financial interests of the stockholders. For example an outside stakeholder may demand that an insider would be subordinated for the well being of the society and vice versa. This starts to get complex by thinking youre running a company that needs to make a profit to succeed but at the same time must answer to a social responsibility and particular ethics point of view.An example of a company being socially responsible while making a profit is Toyota. They make the top selling Prius which is the hybrid that leads in developing efficient gas-electric vehicles. There are four types of social responsibilities for which strategic plann ers must plan, which are economic, legal, ethical and discretionary. In economic is assumed that the company is providing goods and services at a cost thats reasonable. In legal responsibilities the company must adhere to the laws that regulate it. In ethical responsibilities the company must have a notion of right and wrong thats well defined and most of all ethical.In discretionary responsibilities are those that voluntary and throughout those sometimes the company tries to enhance their image. Ethics refers to the object lesson principles that reflect societys beliefs about the actions of an individual or a group that are right and wrong. The perception of ethics in business has presently hit a all time low, this could be due to the never ending recession and others. Throughout the program my view of ethics in the workplace has evolved and is no longer so black and white anymore.I have learned that the ethical perspective of a individual not necessarily is the same view of a o rganization. The company has to think about the whole company and also the impact on society. While the individuals perspective fare from him alone, and how he vies society. References Casio, W. (2005). Managing Human Resources Productivity, Quality of Work Life, Profits 7th Edition New York Mac Graw-Hill. University of Phoenix. (2010). InterClean Scenario Computer Software. Retrieved from University of Phoenix, Simulation, HRM/531 Mondy, R. (2008). Human Resource Management 10th Edition apprentice Hall.Ethics Reflection PaperEthics Reflection Paper Ethics and social responsibility are key factors when planning ones personal life or planning for the success of a business. When companies develop strategic plans, they must consider what role ethics will play and how social responsibility will affect the plan keeping stakeholders need at the forefront. If businesses and individuals are making a conscious effort to display ethical behavior, ethical perspectives and beliefs should evol ve over time much like what has happened in the masters of business administration (MBA) program.Role of Ethics and Social Responsibility in Strategic Planning Ethics are guidelines used to help management and employees conduct themselves according to the values and standards set forth by the company. To ensure employees understand the rules and make good ethical decisions, a companys plan should embody the beliefs and values that the business and their employees view most important. These beliefs and values can be outlined in a companys mission, vision, and philosophy statements which provide direction, purpose, and a clear understanding of an organizations behavioral expectations and decisions made by the stakeholders.When adhered to, the mission and vision statements can be the baseline for goal-setting and strategic planning while keeping ethics at the core of all decisions. Pearson and Robinson (2004) stated central to the belief that companies should be operated in a socially responsive way for the benefit of all stakeholders is the belief that managers will behave in an ethical manner (p. 60). Even with a plan in place and ethical guidelines established, unethical behavior is always a possibility which could occur at a management or subordinate level.Too many top-level management and executives have acted inappropriately and have violated company policies. This was witnessed through events such as the Enron, WorldCom, and Bernie Madoff scandals where unethical behavior was called into question. Employees, specifically those in a management position, have an obligation to do what is right for the sake of their customers, the industry, and to help maintain the companys image and reputation.When this fails to happen, the owners and board of directors must take the appropriate action to get rid of those individuals, not only to set an example but to make the point that unethical behavior will not be tolerated under any circumstances. To minimize the possibi lity that similar atrocities will occur, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 was instituted to mandate Chief Executive Officers (CEO) and Chief Financial Officers (CFO) to take responsibility for reports generated and to acknowledge that the information included in the reports are true and accurate to the best of their knowledge.If the information is not true or is fraudulent, both have a responsibility to report the findings to auditors. Like ethical behavior, social responsibility is a critical consideration for a companys strategic decision makers (Pearson & Robinson, 2004, p. 23). Owners need to ensure that they hire managers who are going to carry out their wishes and be the voice in their absence instead of managers who will protect their self-interests. Decisions made by management have to be aligned with the beliefs of the owner and the companys stakeholders to guarantee profitability and survivability.To encourage managers to make appropriate and ethical decisions, owners and ex ecutives should provide incentives through bonuses, appraisals, and recognition programs. Managers who do receive performance incentives will be held accountable by stakeholders. Stakeholders include stockholders who want a good return on investment, employees seeking job satisfaction, satisfied customers and suppliers, governments seeking law abiding companies, competitors seeking strong competition, responsible citizens and the public seeking a good quality of life (Pearson & Robinson, 2004).Outside of being accountable to owners and the business, managers also have to select the ethical approach that will ensure the consumer is getting the best service at a reasonable cost, jobs are being offered to those who need them, consumers do not have to fear product risk, and that they are taking care of their financial responsibilities to the government. Regardless of the approach selected, consistency is important as not to send a signal of injustice and consistency allows companies and individuals to reach their end-state goals without having to waste time and money.Ethical Perspectives At the start of the MBA program, ethics and ethical behavior were and still are a very important part of conducting business and in how others are treated and perceived. This program reemphasized the importance of the role of ethics and how people in society should work hard to create a personal and corporate culture that fosters accountability and ensures everyone conducts business in an ethical manner.Being a part of a team during each class was a very good test of ethics, beliefs, and the ability to display patience and understanding towards other people. Some team members had little respect and showed disregard for others or their feelings. Although assignment completion was the most important aspect, some members were written off because of a lack of effective writing abilities, communication, or personal skills. Although many of those decisions were based on personal prefere nce, one still has to question if the decisions were right or wrong.A major source of failure in most team assignments as well as collaborative projects within an organization is usually caused by a lack of admiration for individual judgment. Respect for individual judgment was evident in the Assessment of Ethical Choices in the Workplace (2009). When teammates acknowledge the judgment of others, they encourage open communication, build trust, and promote cohesiveness that could potentially prevent unethical behavior from occurring.Having an ethical profile closely aligned with character is an asset when trying to judge others (University of Phoenix, 2009). Conclusion For businesses and individuals to remain successful there must be intent to remain ethical and socially responsible. The ethical and social decisions made have to support the better good of the organization or society and every effort should be made to call attention to and reject improper behavior. Although one might perceive his or her ethical concepts to be intact, improvement is always encouraged.References Pearson, J. A. , & Robinson, R. B. (2004). Strategic management Formulation, implementation, and control (9th ed. ). New York McGraw-Hill/Irwin. University of Phoenix (2009). Williams Institute Ethical choices in the workplace. Retrieved August 20, 2009, from University of Phoenix, Week One, STR 581 Strategic Planning and Implementation. University of Phoenix (2009). Williams Institute Ethics awareness inventory. Retrieved August 20, 2009, from University of Phoenix, Week One, STR 581 Strategic Planning and Implementation.Ethics Reflection PaperEthics Reflection Paper Ethics and social responsibility are key factors when planning ones personal life or planning for the success of a business. When companies develop strategic plans, they must consider what role ethics will play and how social responsibility will affect the plan keeping stakeholders need at the forefront. If businesses and i ndividuals are making a conscious effort to display ethical behavior, ethical perspectives and beliefs should evolve over time much like what has happened in the masters of business administration (MBA) program.Role of Ethics and Social Responsibility in Strategic Planning Ethics are guidelines used to help management and employees conduct themselves according to the values and standards set forth by the company. To ensure employees understand the rules and make good ethical decisions, a companys plan should embody the beliefs and values that the business and their employees view most important. These beliefs and values can be outlined in a companys mission, vision, and philosophy statements which provide direction, purpose, and a clear understanding of an organizations behavioral expectations and decisions made by the stakeholders.When adhered to, the mission and vision statements can be the baseline for goal-setting and strategic planning while keeping ethics at the core of all de cisions. Pearson and Robinson (2004) stated central to the belief that companies should be operated in a socially responsive way for the benefit of all stakeholders is the belief that managers will behave in an ethical manner (p. 60). Even with a plan in place and ethical guidelines established, unethical behavior is always a possibility which could occur at a management or subordinate level.Too many top-level management and executives have acted inappropriately and have violated company policies. This was witnessed through events such as the Enron, WorldCom, and Bernie Madoff scandals where unethical behavior was called into question. Employees, specifically those in a management position, have an obligation to do what is right for the sake of their customers, the industry, and to help maintain the companys image and reputation.When this fails to happen, the owners and board of directors must take the appropriate action to get rid of those individuals, not only to set an example bu t to make the point that unethical behavior will not be tolerated under any circumstances. To minimize the possibility that similar atrocities will occur, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 was instituted to mandate Chief Executive Officers (CEO) and Chief Financial Officers (CFO) to take responsibility for reports generated and to acknowledge that the information included in the reports are true and accurate to the best of their knowledge.If the information is not true or is fraudulent, both have a responsibility to report the findings to auditors. Like ethical behavior, social responsibility is a critical consideration for a companys strategic decision makers (Pearson & Robinson, 2004, p. 23). Owners need to ensure that they hire managers who are going to carry out their wishes and be the voice in their absence instead of managers who will protect their self-interests. Decisions made by management have to be aligned with the beliefs of the owner and the companys stakeholders to guaran tee profitability and survivability.To encourage managers to make appropriate and ethical decisions, owners and executives should provide incentives through bonuses, appraisals, and recognition programs. Managers who do receive performance incentives will be held accountable by stakeholders. Stakeholders include stockholders who want a good return on investment, employees seeking job satisfaction, satisfied customers and suppliers, governments seeking law abiding companies, competitors seeking strong competition, responsible citizens and the public seeking a good quality of life (Pearson & Robinson, 2004).Outside of being accountable to owners and the business, managers also have to select the ethical approach that will ensure the consumer is getting the best service at a reasonable cost, jobs are being offered to those who need them, consumers do not have to fear product risk, and that they are taking care of their financial responsibilities to the government. Regardless of the app roach selected, consistency is important as not to send a signal of injustice and consistency allows companies and individuals to reach their end-state goals without having to waste time and money.Ethical Perspectives At the start of the MBA program, ethics and ethical behavior were and still are a very important part of conducting business and in how others are treated and perceived. This program reemphasized the importance of the role of ethics and how people in society should work hard to create a personal and corporate culture that fosters accountability and ensures everyone conducts business in an ethical manner.Being a part of a team during each class was a very good test of ethics, beliefs, and the ability to display patience and understanding towards other people. Some team members had little respect and showed disregard for others or their feelings. Although assignment completion was the most important aspect, some members were written off because of a lack of effective wri ting abilities, communication, or personal skills. Although many of those decisions were based on personal preference, one still has to question if the decisions were right or wrong.A major source of failure in most team assignments as well as collaborative projects within an organization is usually caused by a lack of admiration for individual judgment. Respect for individual judgment was evident in the Assessment of Ethical Choices in the Workplace (2009). When teammates acknowledge the judgment of others, they encourage open communication, build trust, and promote cohesiveness that could potentially prevent unethical behavior from occurring.Having an ethical profile closely aligned with character is an asset when trying to judge others (University of Phoenix, 2009). Conclusion For businesses and individuals to remain successful there must be intent to remain ethical and socially responsible. The ethical and social decisions made have to support the better good of the organization or society and every effort should be made to call attention to and reject improper behavior. Although one might perceive his or her ethical concepts to be intact, improvement is always encouraged.References Pearson, J. A. , & Robinson, R. B. (2004). Strategic management Formulation, implementation, and control (9th ed. ). New York McGraw-Hill/Irwin. University of Phoenix (2009). Williams Institute Ethical choices in the workplace. Retrieved August 20, 2009, from University of Phoenix, Week One, STR 581 Strategic Planning and Implementation. University of Phoenix (2009). Williams Institute Ethics awareness inventory. Retrieved August 20, 2009, from University of Phoenix, Week One, STR 581 Strategic Planning and Implementation.

Digital Fortress Chapter 8

The twin-engine Learjet 60 touched down on the scorching runway. Outside the window, the barren landscape of Spains pull down extremadura blurred and then slowed to a crawl.Mr. Becker? a voice crackled. Were here.Becker stood and stretched. After unlatching the overhead compartment, he remembered he had no luggage. There had been no time to pack. It didnt matter-hed been promised the trip would be brief, in and out.As the engines wound down, the plane eased out of the sun and into a deserted hangar opposite the main terminal. A moment subsequent the pilot appeared and popped the hatch. Becker tossed back the last of his cranberry juice, put the glass on the wet bar, and scooped up his suit coat.The pilot pulled a thick manila envelope from his escape cock suit. I was instructed to give you this. He handed it to Becker. On the front, scrawled in blue pen, were the words KEEP THE CHANGE.Becker thumbed through the thick stack of reddish bills. What the?local anesthetic currency, the pilot offered flatly.I know what it is, Becker stammered. But its its too much. All I need is taxi fare. Becker did the conversion in his head. Whats in here is worth thousands of dollarsI have my orders, sir. The pilot turned and hoisted himself back into the cabin. The door slid shut behind him.Becker stared up at the plane and then down at the money in his hand. After standing a moment in the empty hangar, he put the envelope in his breast pocket, shouldered his suit coat, and headed out across the runway. It was a strange beginning. Becker pushed it from his mind. With a little luck hed be back in time to salvage some of his Stone Manor trip with Susan.In and out, he told himself. In and out.There was no way he could have known.

Growing afraid Essay

office describes the afternoon as existence raw, which describes the bitterness of the weather, the weather is almost attacking lather. The graveyard can be described as very old because overgrown with nettles lays a churchyard, which is unc atomic number 18d for and in an instant it could just crumble away. strap once to a greater extent adds significant words, as he repeats on the whole of the names on the gravestones, Alexander, Bartholomew, Abraham, Tobias and Roger that have died in this harsh place, stain reads it as if it were a list with so many people there, who have been there for a long period of time.Dark, flat, wilderness beyond the churchyard again explains the lack of community and the Isolation around the atomic number 18a. Dickens personifies cut as the wind was rushing, as if it were rushing to get bourgeon who was at the time a sm exclusively bundle of shivers growing afraid. The marshlands had an effect not only on Pip, but the convict as well as, the c onvict had been smothered in mud and lamed by stones and cut by flints, and stung by nettles and torn by briars, showing he had escaped for a long time and had spent most of his time hiding in the marshlands.As the convict roughly treats Pip, he tilts him over, gradually crop up to the floor, he gives Pip a greater sense of helplessness and danger which adds to the atmosphere significantly. Toward the end of the chapter, a sad atmosphere is created, as the convict hugged his shiver body in both arms clasping himself as if to hold himself together. The convict limps toward the low church wall producing an image of one who is close to death. Pip creates another childish imagination but this one describes the dead rising up stretching up cautiously out of their graves, showing how such(prenominal) fear he had in him at the time.The marshes are depicted as just a long black horizontal line with the sky being just want a row of long angry red lines and dense black lines intermixed, de scribing the darkness, and anger in Pips world. Charles Dickens leaves you with eery images of death, of a limping man, as if he were a pirate come to life and come down and going back to hook himself up again. We are introduced to get away Havisham first as an immensely rich and grim lady, a notorious woman who lived in a large domicile that was heavily barricaded against robbers.She is described as living a life of seclusion which leads us to consider that she is isolated, miserable and depressed. Pip describes her as being the strangest lady he had ever seen. She was dressed in rich materials, satins, lace and silks, all that are symbols of wealth. She had a long white veil dependent from her hair which makes us believe that she is a bit odd wearing bridal wear for no apparent reason. Her hair was white which symbolizes that she is quite old. Another symbol of wealth is created because she had slightly bright jewels sparkling around her neck.Pip states that the bride within t he bridal dress had withered like the dress which is another clue to her being quite old. We are given another unhealthy image of Miss Havisham, of her dying, the book reflects this by stating that there was no brightness left but the brightness of her sunken look and her figure had hung loose and had shrunk to skin and bone. She states that she had never seen the sun since she was born, this makes the reader smell that she is again isolated and hiding away from life outside. She is also a cold-hearted person, because she says that her heart was broken with an eager look on her face.We learn that she despises adults, and that she acts like a child, the novel portrays this by stating that she has sick fancies and she orders Pip with an impatient movement of the decease to play. When Estella came to play with Pip, Miss Havisham says to Estella that she can break Pips heart, this indicates that Miss Havisham has set out to seek revenge on men, and that is one of the reasons why she brought Pip to her house. There is a sense that life has ceased for Miss Havisham, the book shows this by stating that her silk stocking once white, now yellow had been trodden ragged.Pip says that the frillings and trimmings on her bridal dress looked like earthy paper which describes it as being fragile, like Miss Havisham herself. After Pip had finished playing cards with Estella, Miss Havisham states You shall go home shortly, Play the game out this illustrates to the reader that she is depressed and emotionally hurt, and is not to used to the company of others, so she sends him away. She had an appearance of dropped body and soul, within and without, under the cargo of a crushing blow which leads us to believe that the marriage which didnt take place, has caused her to drop her body and drop her soul.Miss Havisham once again thinks extremely of herself, acting as if she owns Pip, she expresses this by stating When shall I have you here again? . We also learn that she is a mi sguided woman because she says she doesnt know anything well-nigh the days of the week, or the weeks of the year. We first learn that Estella is selfish and speaks in an scornful manner to anyone she isnt familiar with, the evidence of this is that after Pip politely say that she could go in first, she replied by saying Dont be ridiculous son I am not going in and she also left Pip in the dark by taking the candle with her.When Pip called her name out to play with him, she didnt come straight away, she took her time, deliberately trying to be awkward. When Miss Havisham tried the jewel on Estella, she patently had intentions for her to get married. Estella thinks she is better than Pip, the evidence of this is that when she was ordered by Miss Havisham to play with Pip, she replied With this boy Why he is a common labouring boy . When Estella asked Pip what games he played, she asked it in the greatest disdain which makes us believe she is strict and again scornful and looks down on lower classes.Estella is used as a weapon, a heartbreaker by Miss Havisham, who as we know wants to treat men as she was treated, Miss havisham illustrates this by stating beggar him to Estella. Estella has no respect for Pip and thinks highly of herself and no one else, the evidence of this is that she says, he calls the knaves, jacks this boy and what coarse work force he has. This leaves an effect on Pip as he becomes ashamed of his hands. She was watching Pip creating tension, trying to make him do wrong, so that she could insult him more on his faults.Pip tells us this by stating she was lying in wait for me to do wrong and she denounced me for a stupid, clumsy labouring boy As Pip was whispering to Miss Havisham, even though she wasnt saying anything, Estella was making Pip say nice things about her with her eyes, the evidence of this is that she was looking at Pip with look of supreme aversion. As the game between Pip and Estella finished, Estella threw all of the cards down as if she despised them for having been won of Pip, this shows that Estella is spiteful, treats Pip cavalierly and she is very proud.Estella was to told feed Pip, so she put the food down on the ground without looking at Pip as if Pip was a weenie in disgrace, this shows that Estella again thinks Pip as being lower class and she has contempt for Pip. Estella had made Pip cry, she looked at him with quick delight as being the cause of the tears, this proves she has no feelings and is satisfied for making him cry, this makes her not a likeable character at all. The first Impressions of Miss Havishams house is that it is a huge house filled with mystery, dismal house, barricaded against robbers which reflects the owners feelings.The house can furthermore be described as bleak and head-in-the-clouds for anyone who approaches it, with its great front entrance having two chains across it. It is a dark, gloomy place, with a sense of bad experiences. The text tells us this by statin g, the passages were all dark and still it was dark, and only the candle lighted us. Miss Havishams room was also dark, she obviously prefers darkness, and all of the candles represent the light in the room, the evidence of this is that a pretty large room, well lighted with candles and no glimpse of daylight was to be seen in it.There is a sense of nuthouse in the room as everything is untidy, dresses and half-packed trunks were scattered about also Miss Havisham only had one shoe on. Everything was left as it was years ago, all confusedly heaped about the looking glass. Pip relates Miss Havisham to a bittersweet nightshade he had once seen, with her skin sallow. He also makes a reference book to death by describing a skeleton in the ashes of a rich dress. Miss Havisham is almost a ghost in her own house, the evidence of this is that waxwork and skeleton seemed to have dark eyes that moved.All of the watches and clocks in her room had stopped at twenty minutes to nine, which is deliberate and could be linked with her marriage that didnt take place. Pip is made to feel vulnerable, he has no choice but to do what Miss Havisham says, this is because he had the horrendous idea of starting round the room meaning that he had to embarrass himself in front of Miss Havisham. She asked Pip if he was sullen and obstinate, he is obviously very misunderstood.Miss Havisham becomes frustrated with him and pitiful for him, the book expresses this by stating So new to him So old to me So melancholy to both of us Miss Havisham again makes Pip feel discomfort as he is made to shout out Estella in a dark and mysterious passage of an un-known house again he is made to embarrass himself. Another sense that life has seized for Miss Havisham is that there are pale, decayed objects which also creates a deathly and unsettling atmosphere. Pip also describes her clothes as grave-clothes and her long veil looking like a shroud both of which are linked with a corpse.As Pip leaves Mis s Havishams house, he states that the rush of daylight quite confounded him, this is another clue that the house is a very dark place. Toward the end of the chapter, we feel pity for Pip, because Estella treats him so badly, but he is strong because he refuses to cry in the presence of her, even though his feelings are bitter. This also shows that he wishes he had come from a family who were more of an upper class, than the family he was brought up with, because then maybe Estella would have treated him better.

“Look” in The Searchers

Contradicting Ideologies in The Searchers While The Searchers can be viewed from a critical standpoint as a revisionist westward in terms of its portraiture of Native Americans, certain aspects of the film contradict this ov datell message. One such aspect is the character advert, who serves a role both(prenominal) as comic relief and as commentary on racist depictions of Native Americans. The Searchers does a superb Job of highlighting the contorted representation of Indians in the Western genre, moreover Director John Fords comic portrayal of ascertain unwittingly reflects the expirations and stereotypes entrenched inAmerican culture in the 1950s. Look, or Wild Goose riotous Across the Night Sky, appears in a brief flashback sequence delivered from Martys point of view in a letter to Laurie. The scene portrays Martys quest with Ethan to find the Comanche foreland Scar who had kidnapped his adoptive sister Debbie years earlier. While attempting to purchase a blanket from a Comanche tribe with connections to Scar, Marty inadvertently bestows a bride token upon Looks father, resulting in an inadvertent marriage.The mise-en-scene in the startle flashback sets the musical note for the remainder of he scenes featuring Look, establishing a racial hierarchy and foreshadowing the power structure in Marty and Looks relationship. The traditional Native American tune playing throughout serves as a sound bridge that connects all of the scenes featuring Look with an upbeat tempo that sets a lighthearted mood proceed throughout the comedic climax in the second flashback. Additionally, character blocking offers insight into Looks kindly position and foreshadows the outcome of her relationship with Marty.While Marty is negotiating with Looks father, an establishing hot shows Marty standing above Look as she sits cross-legged on the ground. The scene then cuts back and forth between a towering Marty and Look sitting meekly on the ground. This eludes both to white mans dominance and Martys supremacy in their relationship. Ford uses scenes of this ill-fated marriage as a humorous interlude in a film otherwise dense with revisionist commentary, grim scenes, and desolate landscapes.While Look is a source of irritation for Marty, it is evident almost immediately that Ford means for Look to be a source of comedic relief from the otherwise intense storyline. In the subsequent scene, as Look dutifully follows Marty away from the Comanche camp and it dawns on Marty that he has accidentally get married her, Ethan bursts into delighted guffaws exclaiming, come along Mrs. Pauly Look is a source of entertainment for both Ethan and the audience as well, who is expected to laugh along with Ethans quips.Other characters in the film overly find Martys marriage comical after hearing about Martys marriage, Mr. Jorgensen and Charlie laugh heartily, and while Laurie is upset, she is clearly less concerned about her love interest being married than she is w ith his new wifes ethnicity. The receipt of the films characters to Marty and Looks marriage encourages the audience to view the situation in a comical light. In the second flashback, Look obediently takes economic aid of Marty and attempts to do domestic work at the campsite.Doing everything she can to please Marty, she obligingly agrees to answer to Look despite it having no relation to her real name. The scene climaxes when she dutifully lies tear next to Marty on his bedroll tor the night Enraged, M rty kicks ner ott and she tumbles down the hill with a crash. This is followed not with concern for Look by he characters or a change in the tone of the scene, as one would expect when encountering violence against a woman in a movie today, but with yet another(prenominal) quip from Ethan. Laughing, he yells, mfou know thats grounds for di-vorce in TexasYoure really rough. Additionally, Ford focuses on Ethan rather than Look after her fall. Ethans lighthearted reaction and the ov erall tone of the scene signal to the audience that Looks mis discourse should be a source of amusement rather than concern. The same upbeat soundtrack and Ethans steady stream of mockery connect the first and econd flashbacks, maintaining the firsts humorous feel. The stereotypical native tune amplifies Looks already hyperbolized Native American characteristics, and stylized acing greatly contributes to the comedic vibe of the scene.Martys exaggerated anger and seemingly irrational response to Look lying beside him is a directorial play for laughs, as is the fact that Martys violence is further emphasized by the addition of sound effects. As Look rolls down the small hill, a large crash is heard, increasing the magnitude of the situation while simultaneously increasing comedic effect. Race plays a key role in the audiences reception to this scene as amusing rather than disturbing. This is highlighted best when contrasted with an earlier scene in which Laurie enters a room while Mar tin is taking a bath, attack his privacy in a similar way.It is unlikely Ford would elicit laughter from audiences at the time if Marty responded to Lauries intrusion with violence. It is due to the cultural racism and prejudice of the time that audiences were far more likely to value the life of, and therefore care about the treatment of, Laurie. Looks diminished value s a psyche is made evident by clear differences in how Ford handles both characters in the film. The final flashback has a somber tone and soundtrack meant to elicit sympathy and contemplation from the audience.This, however, conflicts directly with how Ford uses Looks character as a comic figure in previous scenes. When Looks body is discovered in the final flashback her death flat awakens a moment of sympathy from the profoundly racist Ethan, who covers her body with a blanket. This scene highlights incongruities in the value of white and Indian lives. Historically, the udiences of Westerns were encouraged to g rieve for the loss of white characters and applaud the death of Indian characters. This trend is continued in The Searchers.Although Looks death is treated with sorrow and compassion, her death is comprehensible and viewable to the audience because her portrayal rarely rises above that of a comic stereotype. By contrast, Fords camera does not reveal Martha and Lucys bodies to the audience out of deference and reverence to their characters. While Fords contradictory treatment of Look as captured by her death scene may be iewed as revisionist commentary, one cant overlook the fact that there was no precedent at the time for the use of a Native American woman as a comic fgure.It is far more likely that Looks portrayal was not social commentary but rather reflected the directors own prejudices and the reflection of a racially-charged society coming through in his work. Made in 1956, The Searchers came at the beginning of an era of great cultural change toward race and racial stereotypes in America, and therefore may be among the last of its era and genre to offer such an unapologetic portrayal of tradition of racism.Look is a one-dimensional character compared with the strong temale roles ot Laurie and Debbie, and the discrepancies in Fords portrayal ot white and Indian women underscore the idea that Ford viewed them as inferior. to a greater extent than ten minutes pass between Looks initial and final appearance and, denied a voice, she has only one line of dialogue. The audience never knows Looks story and has picayune foundation to connect with her in any significant way she is viewed only through the eyes of the white men around her.The death of her character is noted, but the udience is given few reasons to care about the human being who has died. By overemphasizing the racism and Native Americans stereotypes in The Searchers, Ford encourages the audience to reflect on the deep rooted tradition of portraying Native Americans in an excessively negative light in the Western genre. This noble revisionist effort, however, is impaired by Fords use of Look as a source of comedy. Essentially nothing more than a comic buffoon, the fact that her abuse is entertaining to the audience is an important reflection on Ford and American society at the time.

Accreditation Audit Task Essay

The word delegacy defines the Periodic Performance Review as an sound judgement tool created to assist health organizations improve and reminder their performance throughout the year. This tool foc usances on the processes that influence patient c ar and condom while providing the structure for unremitting modulars ful conform toment. Nightingale society Hospital is gentle with most standards as set forth by the Joint Commission. However, upon inspection and in an effort to stay foc uptake on respect, our standards committee has located a few discrepancies that must(prenominal) be resolved to maintain our accreditation with the Joint Commission.Rather than focus on the discrepancies found within each unit, we give look at the trends that affect the hospitals compliance with the Joint Commissions recommendations regarding patient c are. Armed with the trends, we will then explore staffing patterns and how they relate to patient billing in erect to confirm a plan that wil l assist our hospital to minimize patient safety issues as they relate to f tout ensembles, pressure ulcers, pneumonia, and the general safety of our patients. get together more thanManifest Destiny essayNON-COMPLIANT TRENDSAlthough the Joint Commission standards clearly define the requirements for an organization to remain in compliance with the patient finagle and safety criterion for accreditation, Nightingale Community Hospitals policies are not being routinely fol firsted throughout each unit. The policy that states verbal orders must be authenticated within 48 hours is not being followed in several units and thither seems to be little, if any consistency throughout the hospital with regards to policy observations. Generally, the compliance govern in the second quarter was steady and the best of all quarters, while the terce quarter compliance results were very poor. Policy must be reviewed and standards improved in order to bring the hospital into compliance. Policy that s hould be implemented include a form in which the nurse who takes the order must sign and date the form and place it on outside of the patients chart to alert the physician that actions are needful of him regarding this patient.Only two abbreviations were monitor lizarded in ICU, Telemetry, 3E, and 4E because they are the most frequently used forbidden abbreviations. These forbidden abbreviations are cc and qd. The audit revealed cc was most often used in the months of April and September. The abbreviation qd was used much more sparingly however was used most often during the months of June and July. The second and third quarters proved to be the quarters when the two proscribe abbreviations were used the most. To attach awareness of prohibited abbreviations, a list will be posted in the care for station in close law of proximity to where the charting takes place. Nurses and treat staff will receive statement regarding the use of approved abbreviations as set forth by the Joi nt Commission. Additionally, every iodine who documents in the patients chart will be required to sign and date the entry at the time of documentation.The pain assessment audit was another standard that was out of compliance with the Joint Commission recommendations. The ED, 3E, and PACU were the units focused on for this portion of the audit. Clearly, the Emergency Department was the least manipulable throughout the year for pain assessment. This may be due to the spurring or life threatening events in which pain assessment is not a priority. Regardless of the reason for neglecting to assess for pain, it is a requirement for accreditation. Each assessment should be documented in the patients record of care and all personnel responsible for patient care must receive education regarding the necessity of the pain assessment. The Nurse Managers of each department has the responsibility of implementing a corrective action plan based on the particular department standard of care.The Jo int Commissions focus is on safety. At Nightingale Community Hospital, safety is also important and the policies and procedures are reviewed to ensure the hospital is compliant with the Joint Commissions recommendations. The hospital policy for antiaircraft drills requires one drill per shift per quarter. The audit shows that there are some compliancy concerns regarding the fire drills. During third shift, for the first and thirdquarters, no fire drill occurred. Also, there was no fire drill on the second shift during the fourth quarter. Obviously, there should be further study to determine the cause for the compliancy issue vs. staffing deficiencies during third shift. Additionally, each department will have a safety monitor assigned to ensure the fire drills occur as per hospital policy. The safety monitor will complete a form documenting the staff involved in the fire drill, date, and time the drill took place and will keep a copy in the safety manual to be inspected monthly.Oth er safety concerns that were set during the PPR rounds include clutter in the hallways, smoke wall penetrations, master alarm panel for medical gasses was not tested, and the gift shop did not have the required 18 clearance from the sprinklers. The maintenance department manager will need to implement a corrective action plan and be held accountable for the discrepancies identified.Additionally, the make Sedation Monthly Audit of the Endoscopy Department shows some compliancy issues regarding pre-procedure events. Mallampati classification, ASA, Sedation plan documentation, and completion of reassessment are consistently below 90% for all four quarters. However, the actions that must occur during the procedure and post procedure rated at 90% or higher with regards to the Joint Commission recommendations for compliancy. Per the Joint Commission, compliancy should idealistically be 100%, therefore, the majority of the pre-procedure events are out of compliance and a corrective actio n plan to improve consistency must be implemented.Patient travel continue to be a concern throughout the healthcare industry because many times the fall results in injury. Other concerns of patient safety that are addressed by the Joint Commission are related to pressure ulcers and breathing machine associated pneumonia. The Intensive Care Unit had an increase in falls but no correlation was found between the numbers of falls to care for care hours. However, ventilator associated pneumonia change magnitude this year. Corrective actions were put into place to improve the VAP numbers. On the Oncology Unit, 3E, both falls and pressure ulcer ratesdecreased. There were no trends identified with falls and ulcers in relation to nursing care hours or overtime.On 4E, patient falls and pressure ulcers increased when nursing care hours increased. To determine the causes of non-compliance, the committee should look into the events that occurred during the fourth quarter. While there are tre nds during the second and third quarter, the fourth quarter appears to have been when the majority of falls, pressure ulcers, and VAPs occurred. Otherwise, hospital-wide, the trend seems to show a decrease in compliancy during the third quarter.STAFFING PATTERNSThe Joint Commission depicts staffing effectiveness as ensuring a proper mix of expertise and numbers of proficient staff necessary to effectively provide for the needs of the patient nation in a hospital setting. Although costs incurred due to staffing levels consume a considerable portion of the hospitals revenue, studies have shown that sufficient staffing has a direct effect on quality and safety. (Joint Commission, 2010) Dall, Chen, Seifert, Maddox, and Hogan discovered financial benefits for increasing nursing staff levels. They determined that nosocomial infections and hospital length of stays were decreased when there was adequate nursing staff available. They also determined that mortality rates decreased as a resul t of increased nursing staff. (Dall, 2009)Nursing hours indicate the quantity and complexness of patients for each area in the hospital. In order to determine how many nurses and other nursing staff will be necessary to care for the patients, one must determine the nursing hours per patient day. This is calculated by comparing the amount of nursing staff providing care to the total number of patients requiring care.Nightingale Community Hospital has combined staffing effectiveness with performance improvement in order to demonstrate sustained improvements throughout selected clinical units. The units selected are based on the clinical and human resource indicators such as patient population,historical staffing issues, and input from staff and existing data. Traditionally, the clinical indicators have been falls, falls with injury, pressure ulcer prevalence, and ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP). Additionally, the human resource indicators include overtime and nursing care hours. Although the Joint Commission has not directed specific staffing levels or ratios, hospitals and other organizations are judge to ascertain their own levels with regard to their experience and history.Based on the data from 3E Oncology, no trends were identified with regard to falls, falls with injury, pressure ulcer prevalence, nursing hours, or overtime indicators. In fact, 3E experienced a decrease in falls and pressure ulcers. This may be the result of the nursing staff focusing on these indicators due to their patient population. Also, increasing awareness, improving education, and providing a skin care representative has improved patient safety.The Intensive Care Unit (ICU) experienced an increase in falls without regard to nursing care hours. However, the unit did show an increase in ventilator associated pneumonia events. This occurred during the month of September when nursing care hours decreased. antecedent months showed an increase in overtime hours for nursing staff which caused fatigue and burnout to become noticeable later. Due to increases in both falls and VAPs, corrective actions were implemented to nullify these statistics for the coming year.The Unit, 4E, data proved just the opposite as this unit encountered increases in both falls and pressure ulcer prevalence. According to the date obtained regarding falls, it is ostensible that nursing care hours showed a relational trend with falls. In other words, when the nursing care hours decreased, falls increased. In comparison, when nursing care hours increased, the falls rate decreased. Drastic increases in falls occurred during June, September, November, December and February. Nursing hours during this time averaged 15 hours per shift. It appears the overtime hours occurred as a result of the holiday season and therefore caused nursing burnout. Due to vacations, holidays, and absenteeism, nurses are often required to work overtime. This pattern is obvious again during the summermonths wh en accommodations for vacations are necessary.However, the opposite is true with regards to pressure ulcers vs. nursing care hours. When the nursing care hours increased, the occurrences of pressure ulcers increased as well. This is possibly caused due to increased overtime hours resulting in the fatigue and burnout. This is a perfect environment for errors or the potential to cause harm. A more extensive study in the nursing care hours must be implemented in order to establish an aggressive corrective action plan to reduce the occurrences of pressure ulcers and falls. If the study shows the nursing staff to be working overtime, additional staff may be necessary as part of the corrective action plan. Hiring additional nurses will improve patient care, result in decreased turnover rates, and lead to increased job satisfaction which will ultimately lead to positive outcomes in patient care.STAFFING PLANHiring and stay freshing an adequate number of competent nurses is the greatest ch allenge approach hospitals and other healthcare organizations. Nursing has to work with the human resources department to improve hiring procedures. Human resources should implement plans to recruit competent nurses with the skills and education necessary to provide the care Nightingale is cognize for. Human resources will perform an analysis to determine the best qualities for nursing candidates and will recruit according to that standard. Additionally, alternative plans for additional staffing during known periods of absenteeism such as vacations and holidays will be constructed. It is imperative that nursing coverage does not become impaired due to absenteeism.In order to attract and retain the best nurses, Nightingale needs to improve the benefit package. Nurses have often stated that caring for their patients is a joy, but administrative duties, non-nursing activities, and poor staffing practices results in low job satisfaction. Increased job satisfaction in turn, results in improved patient care and increased positive outcomes. Studies have shown that infelicitous nurses have unhappy patients.Other strategies that Nightingale Community Hospital can implement are to encourage nurses to cross train in multiple units in order to fill positions in other units when staffing shortages occur. Inadequate staffing levels can cause considerable harm to the patients but is also a financial burden to the organization. Adverse events are more common when staffing levels are low which are associated with increased costs due to the need for more intensive nursing care. (Stanton, 2004) The Utilization Guide for the ANA Principles for Nurse Staffing suggests the use of patient classification systems. (Utilization guide for the ANA principles for nurse staffing, 2005)Utilizing a patient classification system provides guidelines for difficult staffing issues by identifying processes and procedures for improved staffing. Organizations benefit by supporting nursing judgme nt regarding individual patient needs, incorporating sources that reinforce standards of nursing practice, encouraging nursing participation evaluating products that may be used in staffing decision making, and champion the use of patient classification systems.Works CitedDall, T. C. (2009). The Economic Value of Professional Nursing. Medical Care, 97-104.Joint Commission. (2010). Management of Human Resources. CAMH Comprehensive Accreditation Manual for Hospitals, Hr-1 HR-10.Stanton, M. R. (2004, March). Hospital Nurse Staffing and feeling of Care. Research in Action. Rockville, MD, USA Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.(2005). Utilization guide for the ANA principles for nurse staffing. Washington, DC American Nurses Association.

Piaget and Vygotsky: compare and contrast Essay

Everyday life is characterized by conscious purpose. From reaching for regimen to designing an experiment, our operations are directed at goals. This purpose reveals itself partly in our conscious awareness and partly in the organization of our thoughts and actions. Cognition, as defined as the activity of knowing and the processes through which fellowship is acquired (Shaffer et al., 2002), is the process involved in thinking and mental activity, such as attention, memory and trouble solving. Much last(prenominal) and present theory has emphasized the par entirelyels amidst the articulated prepositional structure of lyric and the structure of an internal code or language of thought. In this paper I will discuss language and cognition and two famous theorists who were both influential in forming a more scientific cuddle to analyzing the process of cognitive adoptment Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky. Jean Piaget was kn consume for his establishment of the 4 major periods of co gnitive development. Lev Vygotsky was the complement to Piagets theory with his sociocultural attitude on cognitive development. Both were keenly interested in the alliance of thinking and language tuition.Jean Jacques Piaget was born(p) in Neuchtel, Switzerland on August 9, 1896. His father, Arthur Piaget, was a professor in Medieval Literature. His mother, Rebecca Jackson, was an intelligent woman besides Jean found her a little bitneurotic. When he was in his late novel person he had a faith crisis. His mother encouraged him to attend church to only found it foolish. So he had decided to focus less on philosophy and more on psychology (Smith, L.). Piaget attended the University of Neuchtel. There he studied natural sciences. He then attended the University of Zrich were he gained an interest in psychoanalysis. In 1919, he went to Paris, France where he met Dr. Simon at the Binet Laboratory. While in Paris, Piaget planned and administered many reading tests to school siste rren and became interested non in their correct answers, further in their incorrect answers. He wanted to explore the ratiocination process that pincerren have. By 1921 he began to publish his research findings.He veritable a new right smart of questioning the children it was a psychiatric method of question and response. It is called the methode clinique or the clinical method. The clinical method is a type of interrogate in which a participants response to each successive question (or problem) determines what the investigator will ask (Shaffer et al., 2002). Piaget was interested in learning the differences between a childs acquisitions of knowledge compared to an adults. He formed the theory that the growth of knowledge is a progressive make upion of logically plant structures superseding one another by a process of inclusion of lower less powerful logical means into higher and more powerful ones up to adulthood. Therefore, childrens logic and modes of thinking are initi ally entirely different from those of adults (Smith, L.). By the cartridge clip Piaget died in Geneva in 1980, he had written oer 300 papers, book chapters and introductions as well as thirty books on cognitive development.Piagets idea was that children had learned through action. He believed that children are born with and acquire schemas, or concepts for how to act and respond to the world. As children explore their world, they form and reform ideas in their minds. The more actively involved children are, the more knowledge is gained. McGee and Richgels (1996) note, Because children construct their own knowledge, this knowledge does not come fully developed and is often quite different from that of an adult (p.7). Accordingly, the Piagetian perspective of literacy acquisition emphasizes a childs stages of development and reflects concepts of reading and writing as the child has constructed them, state McGee and Richgels (1996, p. 10). They add,Children s concepts of reading and writing are shaped more by what they terminated in preceding developmental stages than by their simply imitating adults behavior or following adults directions (p. 10).Piaget believed that children are born with the innate tendency to try to organize the way in which they think about their environment, that is, to make sense out of it. He believed that human creations organize the material about the environment in different shipway as they mature. These mental changes are related to an interaction between age and environment. Piaget further believed that his theory was normal, that the stages of development he outlined would exist in all societies. He viewed the development of the childs cognitive ability as a four-stage process. Children would move up through the stages in a fixed tramp. He assigned estimations of age for each of the four stages, but did not see the process as connected to specific ages. Piagets theory identifies four developmental stages and the processes by which children progress through them.The four stages are as follows Sensorimotor stage (birth 2 years old)The child, through physical interaction with his or her environment, builds a set of concepts about reality and how it works. This is the stage where a child does not know that physical objects remain in existence even when out of draw (object permanence). Preoperational stage (ages 2-7)The child is not yet able to conceptualize abstractly and drives concrete physical situations. Concrete operations (ages 7-11)As physical pose accumulates, the child starts to conceptualize, creating logical structures that explain his or her physical experiences. Abstract problem solving is also possible at this stage. For example, arithmetic equations can be work with numbers, not just with objects. Formal operations (beginning at ages 11-15)By this point, the childs cognitive structures are like those of an adult and include conceptual reasoning (Shaffer et al., 2002).While Piaget did not conduct cross-cultural research, his research in Switzerland was comprehensive. As the text points out, Piagets original observations and hypotheses were based on his observations of his own three children. He then tested his theories by designing experiments for children to perform. These experiments were passed on to teachers being trained atthe institute. Over the years, Piaget and these teachers have conducted an estimated 20,000 of his various experiments. For example, if one child had been live withn on trips around the world, spent much era in museums, and read many books, she might be prepared to move up to the next stage at an earlier age than a child who spent his time playing video games and watching TV all day (Driscoll, 1994).Piaget accounted for varying levels of preparedness by explaining that each child possessed a schema, and that a child could not move to the next stage until his or her schema was at a threshold level. Schemata were expanded through what Piaget termed as assimilation (adding to prior knowledge) and accommodation (changing prior knowledge to fit new information). In this manner, children adapt to situations in response to their need for equilibrium (solving dilemmas suppressing skills). A soccer player who wishes to be a scorer, but lacks aiming skills, may practice at shooting at the goal until she assimilates knowledge of which angle to shoot from and how hard to kick the ball. When she adjusts her tactic (via accommodation) and score a goal, she moves from disequilibrium to equilibrium. Physical maturation, activities and socializing with peers to learn from them are all factors that can or do promote growth in schema (Driscoll, 1994).Piaget believed that children who speak aloud in the presence of others will sometimes adapt their speech to take into consideration the hearer(s) but at other times would direct their remarks to no-one in particular and there would be no evidence that the child was attempting to take int o account the knowledge or interests of a specific listener. Piaget called this egocentric speech the inability of the child to separate their own perspective from those of other people. Piaget saw egocentric speech as being the reflection of thought processes of the young child, and he investigated this in detail. He saw egocentric speech as having no apparent function in the childs behaviour, so it would have no reason to survive, eventually fading away as the child became more aware of the distinctions between themselves and others (Piaget, 1955).Lev Semyonovich Vygotsky was born in the U.S.S.R. in 1896, the same yearPiaget was born. His active career as a psychologist was only around 10 years long. He graduated with a rectitude degree at the Moscow University. After graduation, he started teaching at various institutions. Vygotskys first big research project was in 1925 with his psychology of Art. A few years later, he pursued a career as a psychologist working with Alexander Luria and Alexei Leontiev. Together, they began the Vygotskian approach to psychology. Vygotsky had no formal culture in psychology but it showed that he was fascinated by it. After his death of tuberculosis in 1934, his ideas were repudiated by the government however, his ideas were kept alive by his students.While agreeing with Piaget that the child is an active learner, Vygotsky placed more emphasis on the childs interaction with the social environment. Whereas Piaget visualizes the young child as a natural scientist, experimenting with the environment, Vygotsky sees the child as needing assistance at a critical point he refers to the range of skills that a child can exercise with assistance but cannot perform independently as the zone of proximal development. With guidance or assistance from parents, adults, or even older children, the child is able to master a more difficult task or concept. In contrast to Piaget, Vygotsky believed that the child requires more socialization for cognitive development. While recognizing that maturation is important in cognitive development, he placed less emphasis on it.Language and cognition emerge in development at about the same time and are intertwined. Children build new concepts by interacting with others who either provide feedback for their hypotheses or help them accomplish a task (McGee & Richgels, 1996). Vygotsky suggested that learning is a matter of internalizing the language and actions of others. According to McGee and Richgels (1996), Vygotsky believed that children need to be able to talk about a new problem or a new concept in order to understand it and use it (p. 8). As the child discusses a problem or task with an adult, the adult supplies language to assist the child in solving the problem the child gradually internalizes the language until the task can be completed independently (McGee & Richgels, 1996). The instructional technique in whichthe teacher models the desired learning dodging or task and then gradually shifts responsibility to the students is called staging.Vygotsky perceived the process of cognitive development as less segmented and rigid than Piaget had. He believed that children learned from in two ways from tools and from more capable peers and adults. Tools could be anything in the environment that children use to help them advance intellectually (e.g., the internet, cultural artifacts). He advocated that children be placed in learning contexts which were raised just slightly above their existing ability so that they would step up to reach the next level. For Vygotsky, learning was a social process from the beginning. Children learned only by interacting with adults, not with peers who were at there level of cognition. The adult provides the child with assisted learning and scaffolding until the zone of proximal development has been removed. An example of this might involve a mother teaching her child how to drink from a cup. The mother could model the action for the child the mother could then hold the cup up to the childs mouth following that, the child could attempt to raise the cup to her own mouth finally, the mother would help the child coordinate the activity until the child she has acquired the skill.A main area Piaget and Vygotsky are both concerned about is the relationship between language and thought. This is the concept in which they show great dissimilarity. As preschoolers go through their daily activities, they frequently talk out loudly to themselves as they play and explore the environment. Piaget called these utterances egocentric speech, a term expressing his belief that they reflect the preoperational childs inability to imagine the perspectives of others (Piaget, 1955). Piaget believed that egocentric speech reflects an inability to take the perspective of others, and plays no useful role in development.Vygotsky believed that a childs use of private speech talking to himself/herself is not an example of opportun ism but rather is pre-social conversation. Vygotsky placed a high value on private speech because it enables the child not only to practice talking but also to plan activities. Some modern investigators have suggested that private speech is a process ofplanning out loud for example, when you are going to a new place, you verbalize the instructions for getting there aloud to yourself. It is an important developmental phenomenon, which helps children to organise and regulate thinking. As the Western world has more time to assimilate Vygotskys ideas, we may discover other contributions that are important in the cognitive development of young children (Vygotsky, 1962).There are two cases of Piaget and Vygotskys differences that stand out the most in their world. First, Vygotsky was critical of Piagets assumption that developmental growth was independent of experience and based on a universal characteristic. Vygotsky asserted that development is complex and is effected by social and cul tural contexts. Biological and cultural development are interrelated and do not develop in isolation. Vygotsky believed that intellectual development was continually evolving without an end point.Second, the other conflict between Vygotsky and Piaget was the latters explanation of development as the notion that concepts should not be taught until children are in the appropriate developmental stage. This conflicts with Vygotskys zone of proximal development (ZPD) and developmental theories. Vygotsky noted that instruction that is oriented toward development is unable(p) concerning the childs overall development.Both Vygotsky and Piaget were exceptional men with theories that have helped shaped the world of psychology. Piaget believed the universal acquisition of knowledge occurs within a four stage process. The Vygotskian perspective of cognitive development emphasizes social interaction but places less emphasis on stages of behavior. Although both theories had conflicted with one a nother, it is true to believe that Vygotsky had reinforced his educational theories on the strengths of Piagets.ReferencesDriscoll, M. P. (1994). Psychology of learning for instruction. Boston Allyn andBacon.Evans, R. (1973). Jean Piaget The Man and His Ideas. New York E. P. Dutton & Co.,Inc.Hall, Wayne and Drinnin, Beverly. Instructors Resources for Discovering Psychology.New York Worth Publishers, 2000, p. 254.McGee, L.M., & Richgels, D.J. (1996). Literacys beginnings Supporting young readersand writers (2nd ed.). Boston Allyn and Bacon.Moll, Louis C. (1994). Vygotsky and Education Instructional implications andapplications of sociohistorical psychology. New York Cambridge University Press.Piaget, J. (1955). The language and thought of the child. New York Meridian Books.Shaffer, D. R., Wood, E., & Willoughby, T. (2002). Developmental PsychologyChildhood and Adolescence, First Canadian Edition. Toronto Thomson/Nelson.Smith, L. (1997). Jean Piaget. In N. Sheehy, A. Chapman. W.Conroy (eds). BiographicalDictionary of Psychology. London Routledge.Vygotsky, L. S. (1962). Thought and Language. Cambridge MIT Press.

Why did the First World War end when it did?

This was state of war on a scale that the world had never seen before, and Hough It would never see again. However, a inquire that Is often glossed over Is why the war ended on Armistice Day, at the eleventh hour. It is a combination of different events, all leading to the incident that Germany ran out of food, supplies, and manpower, and had to surrender. Furthermore, as the States had entered the war the previous year, the Germans realized that they were going to lose, and that drawing it out would only Increase casualties and long-term effects. One of the reasons Germany was bled w accomplishe, to use their suffer term, was the successful British NavalBlockade, which caused mass starvation, and turned the country on itself with riots and the oceanic mutiny. The American president, Woodrow Wilson, had been campaigning for a ceasefire, which led to the US invasion of Germany, and when Kaiser Wilhelm abdicated on the 9th November, the war was all provided over. To begin with, t he main reason for the end of the war was a simple lack of supplies on all sides, but Germany had especially been hit hard. Although both sides launched renewed offensives In early 1918 In a desperate attempt to win the war, both efforts failed.The fighting between exhausted, demoralized troops continue to approach a stalemate until the Germans lost a number of individual battles and very gradually began to be pushed back. A deadly outbreak of influenza, meanwhile, took heavy casualties on both sides. Eventually, the governments of both Germany and Austria-Hungary began to lose control as both countries experienced multiple mutinies from within their military structures, and due to mass starvation, many call riots were held In Berlin. The marine war Is generally considered a side show In worldWar l in fact it was a critical pull up stakes of the war, with especially the naval blockade of Germany being hugely important. If the Germans were to be stopped it would have to be done by the French Army, but what the British did have was the Royal Navy. The governing ordered the Royal Navy to immediately cut the flow of raw materials and foodstuffs to Germany, which would not affect the German offensive, but it was the launch of a war of grinding which would ultimately play a major role In the Allied victory. An some other factor that contributed to the end of the war was the introduction ofAmerican troops into the fighting. On April 2, 1917, electric chair Woodrow Wilson asked a special session of Congress to declare war on the German Empire, saying We have war in a positive light, claiming it would bring up the world safe for democracy and that it would be a war to end war. On April 6, 1917, Congress declared war, and in the end it was Germanys use of U-boats that pushed America into a corner and ultimately to declare war on February 4th, 191 5, Germany announced that merchant shipping in a specified zone around Britain would be legitimate targets.They added h at this would include neutral ships because many Allied ships had taken to flying the flag of a neutral nation to assist its safety. Americas military build-up was (relatively) retard General Perishing demanded a million men, to which the American Congress replied it could gather 420,000 by spring 1918. However, the anticipated influx of military supplies from America never materialized. For the most part the troops fought with equipment supplied by the Allies (including the recognizable helmet). American troops saw their first action in May 1918 in fighting alone at the Manner River.In June 1918, Perishing ordered an all-out attack in the Saint-Mile area of Eastern France. Casualties were high but the attack forced a German retreat that (combined with other Allied offensives along the Western Front) put the entire German army on the back foot. In early October, the Americans pushed through the Argonne Forest. The German High summons began to crack in the face of the persistent Al lied onslaught. General Ultrasound was forced to resign and flee to Sweden, a feeling of mutiny spread among the Kaisers naval units, and the Kaiser myself was forced to abdicate on November 9.On the other hand, the American assistance nearly came too late as both sides desperately tried to gain the velocity hand in 1918, Germany very nearly won an attack, as the American troops were delayed. Fortunately, Willows men eventually arrived, and this attack can be regarded as the tipping denominate that signaled the final stages of the war. The war ended for a number of different reasons, all leading to the fact that there was no longer anything to fight with, or anyone to marriage the German army.Many Americans live that America won the war, and the truth is much more subtle it is true that the war would have lasted longer without the Allied support of Woodrow Wilson, but it was not a war of tactics, but of attrition. There is no denying that the First World War was a catastrophic fa ilure of humanity, and the questions of motivation have been analyses endlessly. I believe that the reasons for the peace treaty are equally interesting, and as it shows that some good can come from four years of atrocities, it is clear why we mobilise all those who have died in war on the 1 lath of November. Word count 1019 Ben Phillips

Psychology and Multiple Choice

Psychologists who accept the model persist to seek universals and do not believe on that point are Individual differences in behavior. Multiple Choice 1 1. Pets Your Score Your perform neuroscience chastise effect neuroscience The Choices Were neuroscience cognitive humanist behavioral Psychologists who believe in are most likely to attempt to experience diversity in ethnic background as an influence on behavior. Multiple Choice 1 1. Pets Your result Individual differences Correct cause Individual differences individual differences uninvolved will determinism universal principles del tend to look for the uniqueness of every individual.Multiple Choice 1 1. Pets Your Answer humanistic Correct Answer humanistic psychodrama Although their interests are diverse, psychologists share a common Multiple Choice I I. Opts Your Answer Interest In mental processes and behavior. Correct Answer interest in mental processes and behavior. Interest in mental processes and behavior. affect for applying their knowledge to social situations. Interest in the take of animal behavior. Respect for the ideas of psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud. The scientific study of s the primary center on of psychology.Multiple Choice I 1 . Opts Your Answer behavior and mental processes Correct Answer behavior and mental processes behavior and mental processes how people live and work paranormal experiences people with psychological disorders In explaining human behavior and mental processes, psychologists try to achieve all the following goals leave out Multiple Choice 1. Pets Your Answer manipulation. Correct Answer manipulation. Description. Prediction. Explanation. Manipulation. The primary difference between a psychologist and a psychiatrist is that MultipleChoice 1. Pets Your Answer psychiatrists are physicians who specify in psychological disorders. Correct Answer psychiatrists are physicians who specialize in psychological disorders. The Choices Were psychologists consecrate more formal education than do psychiatrists. Psychiatrists are physicians who specialize in psychological disorders. Psychologists are more likely than psychiatrists to have a Used degree. Psychologists are unlikely to have education beyond the bachelors degree. Currently, there are dominant perspectives in psychology.Multiple Choice I Correct Answer five one five nine hearten A psychologist who adopts the perspective would be interested in how cells in the nervous system transmit information to each other. Multiple Choice 1. Pets DRP. Reams is a psychologist who is operative to develop a drug treatment for Parkinson disease. Knowing nothing else about DRP. Reams, with what perspective in psychology do you think she would well identify? Multiple Choice 1. Pets Your Answer neuroscience Correct Answer neuroscience neuroscience DRP. Anthony is a psychologist who researches the hereditary influences of schizophrenia.Knowing nothing else about DRP. Anthony, with what p erspective in Your Answer neuroscience Which psychological approach is most closely associated with Sigmund Freud? Multiple Choice 1 1. Pets Your Answer psychodrama Correct Answer psychodrama Slips of the tongue and dreams are seen by psychologists as revealing the unconscious minds true beliefs or wishes. Multiple Choice 1 1. Pets Those who identify with the psychodrama perspective show Multiple Choice Your Answer unconscious rather than conscious causes of behavior. Correct Answer unconscious rather than conscious causes of behavior.The Choices Were unconscious rather than conscious causes of behavior. Observable behavior rather than mental processes. Mental processes of which the person is aware, rather than those that are hidden from awareness. Intentional rather than unintentional actions. Which perspective asserted that psychology should focus solely on observable behaviors that can be objectively measured? Multiple Choice 1. Pets Your Answer behavioral Correct Answe r behavioral A main theme of the humanistic approach is that Your Answer people have free will to make their own decisions.Correct Answer people have free will to make their own decisions. The Choices Were people have free will to make their own decisions. appearance is genetically or environmentally determined. Unconscious conflicts dominate personality. Thoughts and emotions can be understood biologically. With their emphasis on human potential and free will, and figures in the humanistic perspective. Multiple Choice 1 1. Pets Your Answer Carl Rogers Abraham capital of the Russian Federation Correct Answer Carl Rogers Abraham Moscow Sigmund Freud Carl Jung Carl Rogers Abraham Moscow John Watson B. F.